Comprehensive understanding of the four problems of lithium battery recycling, put forward five suggestions!

With China's new energy vehicle production and ownership increasing, the power battery will gradually enter the end-of-life period, and the battery recycling market is promising. At present, China's comprehensive utilization of power batteries has not yet formed a large-scale, standardized application scenarios, there are still many problems to be solved in the business model, technological innovation and other aspects. Accelerate the comprehensive utilization of power battery scale development is imminent.

Comparison of international gaps

Application Scenario: China's grid energy storage program is developing rapidly, while other programs such as home and commercial energy storage are starting late.

At present, countries around the world are actively working on researching some issues related to the comprehensive utilization of power batteries. The United States, Japan, Germany and other countries started earlier, and there have been successful commercial bank projects and application system engineering.

Business development model: the United States, Japan, business management model research has matured, our country is still in the exploration.

Currently, the U.S. is implementing the extended producer responsibility + consumer deposit system, the government through the deposit system to urge consumers to give the retired battery to the car sales companies. At the same time, battery manufacturers are charged a fee, and consumers are charged a portion of the service fee for the establishment of a recycling fund to support battery laddering and recycling.

Since 2000, Japan has made battery manufacturers responsible for recycling lithium batteries. Retired batteries are returned to battery manufacturers through reverse logistics for evaluation, sorting, and reorganization before flowing to laddered battery users.

Compared with the United States and Japan's mature battery comprehensive utilization business model,Lithium battery recycling China has not yet formed a comprehensive battery utilization model with wide coverage and unified recycling network, but is in a state of coexistence of multiple models.

Technical specifications:There is still a gap between performance evaluation, sorting and reorganization, life prediction technology and foreign countries.

From the perspective of technological development, the comprehensive development and utilization of battery system performance assessment method detection, rapid sorting and reorganization, battery traceability and safety management monitoring is the direction of the global economic focus on breakthroughs. China's power battery decommissioning standards and performance analysis and assessment of information technology, automated dismantling and sorting and reorganization, battery life prediction of enterprise technology applications, and developed countries still have a gap.

Comprehensive utilization Four major problems

First of all, we have not yet established a win-win industrial chain ecosystem. According to the upstream or downstream industry chain, the comprehensive utilization of power battery in China can be divided into three levels: production level, comprehensive utilization level and regeneration level, there is no symbiotic win-win industry chain ecosystem, the three levels lack of synergistic effect, and information and data can not be shared.

Secondly, the comprehensive utilization profit model is immature. For comprehensive utilization enterprises, in terms of cost, comprehensive utilization needs to test, classify and reassemble the recovered decommissioned batteries. Due to different battery standards, incomplete sharing of battery information and data, comprehensive utilization technology has just started, and a large amount of capital and manpower needs to be invested in the comprehensive reorganization of batteries at a higher cost.

As far as revenue is concerned, the main user of comprehensive utilization in China at present is China Tower Corporation. When purchasing integrated batteries, they usually buy commonly used lead-acid batteries. The higher the cost, the lower the purchase price, the comprehensive utilization of the enterprise's profit margin is insufficient, there is an urgent need to explore a new profit model.

Third, the comprehensive utilization of key technologies to be a breakthrough. China's power battery step-by-step utilization of the existence of reorganization technology, discrete integration technology,battery production line life prediction technology and other technical difficulties.

Reorganization of information technology is the main research difficulties in grouping technology and grouping technology, there are a number of student problems, such as grouping parameters set unreasonable, module discrete, unstable performance, system data integration learning difficulties. The key to discrete integration enterprise technology is to make battery packs with different discrete degrees operate efficiently and economically in the same system. The simulation and analysis technology of decommissioning module system-on-chip (SOC) detection method and power management work system (BMS) technology are the technical teaching difficulties that need to be broken through urgently. Life prediction-related technology is the key point for the whole society to comprehensively develop and utilize their own product production technology, and there is still an urgent need for breakthroughs in the mechanism of power degradation, residual energy detection capability, as well as China's new technology to accurately measure and quantify technological innovation.

Fourth, the development of standards and technical specifications lag behind. The development and promotion of standards and technical specifications is the premise of comprehensive utilization and large-scale application. Although the production design, information tracking, disassembly specifications and residual energy testing of automotive power batteries have been regulated, due to the lack of corresponding mandatory standards or operable technical specifications, the battery structure and material systems of different manufacturers vary greatly, and some automobile manufacturers can not disclose the disassembly, dismantling and storage technology of power batteries, which is not conducive to standardization of batteries and comprehensive utilization on a large scale.

Five suggestions to meet the challenges

First, build an industrial ecosystem for the comprehensive utilization of power batteries in China.

Build a full life cycle ecosystem. Establish a six-member comprehensive utilization ecosystem of battery manufacturers, automobile manufacturers, recycling enterprises, comprehensive utilization enterprises, comprehensive utilization users and regeneration smelting enterprises to form a linkage.

Explore suitable business models. Integrate industry resources to build an extensive and sustainable recycling and comprehensive utilization network.

Build an information traceability platform. Build an information traceability system for the whole life cycle from battery enterprise production, use, comprehensive development and utilization, end-of-life recycling,labeling machine etc., and realize the background transmission of all the operating environment data and electric core data of China's Battery Cost Management Control System (BMS), the information service system can be queried for real-time traceability of the battery single data, and realize the assessment and screening of research batteries with the Big Data Sharing Platform Company.

Second, strengthen the research and development of key technologies.

Discrete integration technology. According to the performance, life, capacity, internal resistance, residual energy and other data parameters of different battery modules, a battery module database has been established, and a data model and battery management system have been set up to improve the performance of restructured batteries.

Energy storage system grid-connected topology study. A cascaded h-bridge energy storage system based on high-frequency transformer-isolated grid-connected topology has been studied and designed, which is applicable to different types, sizes and dimensions of batteries, reduces the dependence of the energy storage system on the type of batteries and battery consistency of the comprehensive utilization, and improves the utilization rate of the waste batteries.

Third, the development of relevant technical standards and specifications.

Management work standards. Formulate, refine the comprehensive utilization of upstream and downstream responsibilities of the relevant legal subjects, strengthen the learning power battery laddering utilization of the Internet industry market access thresholds, information traceability management, integrated battery management, comprehensive utilization of funds and other related courses standard system system construction.

Technical standards. Study and formulate technical specifications for the dismantling of power battery packs, and make clear provisions for the classification, labeling, storage, information entry and traceability of the dismantled battery packs.

Evaluation standards. Establish third-party evaluation standards for power batteries of new energy vehicles, and provide technical guidance for power battery comprehensive utilization enterprises in the stages of power battery residual energy detection and residual value assessment.

Fourth, innovate comprehensive application profit model.

Diversified development of comprehensive application scenarios. Battery integrated application demonstration construction in the fields of grid-connected renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, micro-grid, automobile charging piles, energy storage in community and public buildings, and backup power in data centers.

Create a comprehensive technology application development model for both rental and sales. Classification and implementation for the degree of impact on the needs of different customers and the ability to bear the capital, for the enterprise demand strong, well-funded comprehensive development and utilization of customers, to sell the gradient batteries; for the Chinese community, attractions, data information centers and other demand analysis is not strong enough, the capital cost of the budget of the customers, you can learn from the experience of the contractual energy resource management to take the way of leasing.

Various payment methods. Attract ladder users through installment payment, time-sharing lease, settlement after profit, hosting operation, and even free supply.

Fifth, improve the policy incentive mechanism.

Coordinate the existing special funds for the construction of power battery recycling system, power battery comprehensive utilization of technology research and development, power battery comprehensive utilization demonstration projects to give certain financial subsidies, first suggested and declared energy saving and environmental protection green manufacturing special funds, the comprehensive utilization of battery users to give certain financial subsidies.

Actively explore the establishment of a comprehensive utilization and recycling system of social capital guarantee mechanism, and gradually form a capital guarantee mechanism guided by government funds, with multiple inputs from enterprises and society, and shared economic and environmental benefits.

Power Battery Recycling System New energy vehicles

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